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One challenge when farming is keeping your crops hydrated. Based on the Rainfall in the area, the ground will have some latent moisture. However, this may not be enough especially for particularly water-intensive crops, or it may be too much to grow other crops.

In order to see the hydration of any specific block, you must have a Hoe in hand.

Then simply look at any Farmland block, or any crop which requires hydration. You will see a tooltip which shows the current hydration as a percentage from 0% to 100%. In addition, on Farmland and Crop blocks the annual minimum and maximum values are shown. The maximum value will occur six months apart from the minimum value, and the current hydration will vary smoothly between those times.

Unlike crops, Fruit Trees and Berry Bushes will grow as long as the annual average hydration is correct.

In addition to rainfall, fresh water within four blocks of the farmland contributes a flat 40% hydration to a block.

Hydration can also be modified by altering the block below the farmland or dirt that the crop or fruit is planted on. Sand and Gravel will increase drainage reducing the total hydration by 50%. Conversely, Clay Blocks placed below the farmland will trap in water, doubling the hydration (though never increasing it beyond 100%